Dr. Faulds was credited with the first fingerprinting identification on an alcohol bottle left at a burglary scene. He then suggested the use of fingerprinters ink as a method of obtaining fingerprints from people. He was then also credited with being the first European to publish an article that suggested that fingerprints may assits in crime investigations by 'scientific identification or criminals.' This was in 1880.
Sir William Hershel, was working as the Asst. JointMagistrate and Collector in India in 1858. He had the locals impress their hand print on the back of contracts. This was to frighten the locals from repudating their signatures, thus the first wide-scale modern day use of fingerprints was not based on scientific evidence, just his superstitions. In 1880, he wrote Skin Furrows of the Hand' which he described using fingerprints as signatures.
Now, Sir Francis Galton determined in 1892 that scientifically speaking, that fingerprints do not change over time and that no two prints are the same. Incidentally, he is also the cousin of Sir Charles Darwin.